Cairo, which means “triumphant”, is the capital and largest city of Egypt. It is also Africa's second most populous city with the estimated population of 6,800,000.

The city was founded by the Fatimid as an imperial enclosure, replacing the city of Fustat as the seat of the government. It later was ruled by the Mamluks, and later by the Ottomans from 1517 to 1798. Cairo is also occupied by Napoleon. Muhammad Ali made Cairo the capital of the independent country from 1805 to 1882, after which the British took control of it. Finally, Egypt gained independence in 1922.

Cairo has a population of 6.8 million people and the city's metropolitan area has a population of about 17.5 million. Cairo is the 16th most populous metropolitan area in the world.

Greater Cairo encompasses various historic towns and modern districts. A journey through Cairo is like a time travel: from the Pyramids, Saladin's Citadel, the Virgin Mary's Tree, and Heliopolis, to Al-Azhar, the Hanging Church, the Mosque of Amr ibn al-A'as, Saqqara, the Cairo Tower, the Sphinx and the Old City.