Egypt is a country in North Africa and in southwestern Asia . Covering an area of about 1,001,500 square kilometers, Egypt borders the Gaza Strip and Israel to the northeast, Sudan to the south and Libya to the west.

Egypt is one of the most populous countries in the Middle East and Africa. The majority of its 75 million people live near the banks of the Nile River, in an area of about 40,000 square kilometers. It is the only arable agricultural land found in all Egypt. Part of the Sahara Desert is in the country and it is sparsely inhabited. About half of Egypt's residents live in cities, with the majority spread across the densely populated centers of Cairo, Alexandria and other cities in the Nile Delta.

Egypt is famous for its ancient history and some of the world's famous monuments, such as the Giza pyramid complex and its Great Sphinx. The city of Luxor contains several ancient artifacts, such as Valley of the Kings and Karnak Temple. Egypt is one of the most powerful nations of the Middle East and Africa.